Evolution has been discussed and researched for many years. There has been many disputes over weather or not it actually happened. Many skeptics believe that it has not. Over many discoveries it is now backed by evidence that evolution has taken place. In this article I will explain these ideas.
Evolution not only has one theory but two. The first theory was explained by Charles Darwin. This theory says that traits are decided by natural selection. This means that the creatures will be changed by what the environment wants. The trait that works the best will servive and more of the being with this trait will servive. After a while this new trait will be the dominant one and all of the species will have it. In the end evolution has occured so that its easier to servive.
An example of this kind of evolution is in moths. There is a story that there were bright white colored moths. The way they servived is they were able to blend in with the aspen trees. When a factory moved in close to the aspens the trees became brown. The white moths had trouble living on these trees. The predators were able to see the moths a lot easier making them a clear topic. Then came along a moth that was brown. It had a clear advantage over the others. So when it reproduced it made more brown moths that lived well. Now most of the moths in this area are brown and prosper.
The next theory was proposed by Lamarck. This theory says that traits are made by what the creature needs. He said that when there is a need for a change the creature will do so. When the animal or plant changes it will pass it on to the next generation. After generations have passed the change will be complete and when it is suitable the change will stop. Then you have your species that has gone through evolution.
An example of this theory is in saw fish. They started by there not being enough food it could catch with just its mouth. So it needed a way to catch them. They started to stick their jaws out farther and as the trait was passed down to the next generation it became longer and the teeth stuck out to catch fish. When the transformation was finished it have a bone lined with teeth that it could swing and catch fish. In the end it had a tool that made it easier to servive in the wild.
There are two main levels of evolution that occurs. One of the levels is microevolution. In this form just a small group of a species is changed. The idea behind this is that a species will change in different ways. A groupe of the species in one location may change differently in one area than the other. This makes many different forms of the species. It makes for a diverse groupe of just one species.
A way to explain this is in birds. In a species of birds they all will have about the same body structure. The birds in one area can change differently in one area than the other making them seem different. But in reality they are the same bird. The difference can be as simple as a change in color. People have taken advantage of this form of evolution to get what we want out of animals. Some examples of this are in pigions, dogs, and cats. When people see a trait they like they breed for it and can make a whole new group in the species. As you can see microevolution is on a small scale.On a much larger scale there is macroevolution. This when a complete family changes over a long peroid of time and adapts drasticly. It goes beyond what the creature needs and makes whole new forms. This is what has formed the different families in the animal kingdom. The shaping of how things are now has been made through macroevolution. It is a long process so it can be hard to grasp.
A way to think about this better is humans. We have been formed from a long process that required a lot of change. We have been thought to come from apes. To me that is a long way for us to have come. There has been a lot of changes to get to where we are now. There is actually a good amount of evidence that proves this too. In all many small changes add up to make what we call macroevolution.
Evolution isn't just an idea it is the way some people look at life. From this paper you have learned about the three main parts of evolution. It has taken many years to gather this evidence but it as been worth it because now we have an understanding of evolution. I could not even start to imagine how everything has changed through evolution. In the end evolution is a well backed theory that can explain many things.
